Spring+SpringMVC+Hibernate项目环境搭建的步骤(图文)

：：0 ：2021-06-05 08:25:39

工具篇：Intellij Idea+maven+Spring+SpringMVC
Spring+SpringMVC环境搭建
一、SpringMVC环境搭建
1、创建新项目
(1)、第一步是创建一个由Maven原型的项目，根据图片上的步骤一次选择Maven—–>create from archetype—->maven-archtype-webapp

(2)、第二步是填写GroupId 和ArtifactId

(3)、在位置1处选择我们maven安装的目录，在位置2处选择settings.xml的路径(我只是设置了一次之后就是默认的了)

(4)、设置项目名和项目的位置

到这里项目就创建成功了
2、添加Maven中项目所需要的Jar包
在pom.xml中添加项目SpringMVC所依赖的Jar包
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns=" xmlns:xsi="
xsi:schemaLocation="
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.zbt</groupId>
<artifactId>enviroment</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>enviroment Maven Webapp</name>

<url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.0.6.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>taglibs</groupId>
<artifactId>standard</artifactId>
<version>1.1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>enviroment</finalName>
</build>
</project>
3、配置web.xml文件
<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC
"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"
" >
<web-app version="2.4"
   xmlns="
   xmlns:xsi="
   xsi:schemaLocation="
/web-app_2_4.xsd">

<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
5、配置spring-mvc.xml文件
在resources文件夹下新建一个spring-mvc.xml。spring-mvc.xml文件的功能是什么？
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="
xmlns:xsi="
xmlns:context="
xmlns:mvc="
xsi:schemaLocation="
       /spring-beans-2.0.xsd

       /spring-context-2.5.xsd

       /spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">

<context:annotation-config/>

<context:component-scan base-package="zbt.com.controller"/>

<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
6、编写Controller类
package controller;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/student")
public class StudentController {
private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(StudentController.class);
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String sayHi(){
logger.info("sayHi are called!");
return "hello";
}
}
在WEB-INF/jsp文件夹下创建测试的hello.jsp
<html>
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
</body>
</html>
启动服务器，在浏览器中输入

显示结果为
注意事项
(1)、url-pattern最好配置成下面的形式
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
而不是下面这种形式
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
配置成第二种模式会出现下面的情况
27-Jun-2018 15:04:02.761 警告 [http-nio-8088-exec-8] org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.noHandlerFound No mapping found for HTTP request with URI [/WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp] in DispatcherServlet with name 'springMVC'
网页会出现如下情况

(2)、我们的spring-mvc.xml是放在resources文件夹下面的，以后就按照这种方式编写(注意这是在Intellij idea中，在Eclipse中我不知道会不是是一样的)
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
二、Spring+SpringMVC环境搭建
编写StudentService
package com.zbt.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* Created by luckyboy on 2018/7/2.
*/
@Service
public class StudentService {
public String test(){
return "hello";
}
}
创建applicationConfig配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="
xmlns:xsi="
xmlns:aop="
xmlns:context="
xmlns:tx="
xsi:schemaLocation="
/spring-beans.xsd

/spring-aop-4.3.xsd

/spring-context-4.3.xsd

/spring-tx-4.3.xsd ">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zbt">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
</beans>
注意Spring这里的包扫描方式为，Spring扫描包的时候会排出@Controller注解，也就是不会扫描com.zbt.controller包
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zbt">
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
</context:component-scan>
修改spring-mvc.xml中的包扫描方式
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="
xmlns:xsi="
xmlns:context="
xmlns:mvc="
xsi:schemaLocation="
       /spring-beans-2.0.xsd

       /spring-context-2.5.xsd

       /spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">

<context:annotation-config/>

<context:component-scan base-package="com.zbt"/>

<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
</bean>
</beans>
将StudentService注入到StudentController中
package com.zbt.controller;
import com.zbt.service.StudentService;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
/**
* Created by luckyboy on 2018/6/27.
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/student")
private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(StudentController.class);
//使用Autowired将StudentService注入到StudentController中
@Autowired
private StudentService stuService;
@RequestMapping("/hello.do")
public String sayHi(){
logger.info("sayHi are called!");
return "hello";
}
@RequestMapping("/spring_hello.do")
public String springSayHi(){
logger.info("sayHi are called by springSayHi");
return stuService.test();
}
}
在StudentService类上面添加@Service注解
package com.zbt.service;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
/**
* Created by luckyboy on 2018/7/2.
*/
@Service
public class StudentService {
public String test(){
return "hello";
}
}
测试
启动服务器，在浏览器地址栏输入
注意事项
我们在spring-mvc.xml中的配置包扫描时，如果包扫描配置如下

<context:component-scan base-package="com.zbt.controller"/>

出现的错误
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean Context initialization failed
org.springframework.beans.factory.UnsatisfiedDependencyException: Error creating bean with name 'studentController': Unsatisfied dependency expressed through field 'stuService'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.zbt.service.StudentService' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:587)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:91)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:373)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1348)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:578)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:501)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:317)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:315)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:199)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:760)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:869)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:550)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:672)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:638)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:686)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:554)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:499)
at org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:172)
at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.initServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1144)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1091)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:983)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:4939)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5249)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:754)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:730)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:734)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.manageApp(HostConfig.java:1736)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:300)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:482)
at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:431)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:300)
at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819)
at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1468)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.access$300(RMIConnectionImpl.java:76)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl$PrivilegedOperation.run(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1309)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doPrivilegedOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1401)
at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.invoke(RMIConnectionImpl.java:829)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:357)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:200)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:197)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:196)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:568)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:826)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.lambda$run$0(TCPTransport.java:683)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:682)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.zbt.service.StudentService' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoMatchingBeanFound(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1509)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1104)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1065)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:584)
... 67 more
会出现包无法扫描的情况，因此我们在spring-mvc.xml中应该配置成扫描所有的包
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持无名。

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